Antepartum Haemorrhage - Symptom, Causes, Treatment of Antepartum Haemorrhage
Antepartum haemorrhage is the bleeding from the vagina during the second half of pregnancy,
earlier
labour commences, or it can also be
specify
as the
bleeding from the vagina
afterwards
24 weeks gestation up until labour.
Earlier
24 weeks, bleeding
annunciate
threatened or inevitable abortion ascribable pre-mature separation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus.
APH
appears in 2% of pregnancies and is an
essential
reason
of foetal and maternal death - 30% of maternal deaths are
antecedent
by APH, of which 50% are
linked with avoidable factors. If the placenta is
introduced
in the normal position in the
superior
part of the uterus, bleeding caused by premature separation is called accidental haemorrhage that can
happen
from pregnancy induced hypertention (high blood pressure) or
appear
for no apparent reason. If bleeding is moderate there is no danger to the mother, but even a
little
amount can decrease the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the foetus.
Diagnosis of Antepartum Haemorrhage
- Bloody show (benign) - most
frequent
cause of APH
- Placental abruption - most
general
pathological cause
- Placenta previa - second most
usual
pathological cause
- Vasa previa - often
elusive
to
analyze,
often
produce
to fetal demise
- Uterine rupture
- Bleeding from the lower genital tract
-- Cervical bleeding - cervicitis, cervical neoplasm, cervical polyp
-- Bleeding from the vagina itself - trauma, neoplasm
- Bleeding which may be perplexed with vaginal bleeding
-- GI bleed - hemorrhoids, inflammatory bowel disease
-- Urinary tract bleed - urinary tract infection
Types of antepartum haemorrhage
An antepartum haemorrhage may
precipitate
into one of three main categories:
Placenta praevia is a condition in which the placenta,
alternatively
of being
linked to the upper part of the uterus, is
touched to the lower part in the region of the lesser uterine segment or the cervix. Accidental haemorrhage is
frequently
related
with pain low in the abdomen.
Accidental antepartum haemorrhage (abruptio placentae) is a comparatively
infrequent
condition in which the placenta is
commonly
implanted in the upper part of the uterus but
separate
from it prematurely and generally results in vaginal bleeding.
Incidental antepartum haetnorrhage is haemorrhage which
appears from the
venereal
tract but not from the site of the placenta or its implantation. Such haemorrhage may
produce
from injury, infection, ulcers on the neck of the womb, polyps or, most
normally, the onset of labour.
Pregnancy and Antepartum Haemorrhage
If you have any bleeding during pregnancy,
communicate
your doctor or go to hospital
instantly. An ultrasound
checkup
will show whether the bleeding is
unintended
or referable to placenta praevia.
Bleeding which
appears during the
ultimate
2 months of pregnancy is
particularly expressive and the woman is nearly always admitted to hospital
until a diagnosis of placenta praevia has been proved, or disproved by ultra-sonic scan. If an accidental haemorrhage is
little
and stops soon, you will
normally
be
capable
to go home,
allowed
your blood pressure is
average
and there is no continuing risk to the foetus. If placenta praevia is
establish
you may be considered to stay in hospital, as the bleeding is likely to recur and may be
intense
enough for you to necessity a blood transfusion. The aim is to
defend
the pregnancy until
around
37 weeks.
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